| Abstract:As a key technology in the field of precision manufacturing, 3D laser engraving has increasingly stringent requirements for machining accuracy and motion stability in high-end manufacturing scenarios such as mold processing, medical devices, and aerospace. Current systems generally face challenges such as excessive contour errors, severe fluctuations in feed rate, and vibrations caused by sudden acceleration changes when processing complex three-dimensional curved surfaces, which severely restrict the manufacturing quality of high-precision products. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a closed-loop control solution that integrates machine vision real-time feedback with an improved difference interpolation algorithm. By analyzing the theoretical limitations of traditional difference interpolation in multi-dimensional space expansion, a dynamic error detection mechanism based on binocular vision is designed to achieve real-time correction of machining trajectories. Simultaneously, the step control strategy and multi-axis coordination logic of the interpolation algorithm are improved to resolve issues such as quadrant transition deviations and insufficient adaptability of fixed step sizes. Experimental results demonstrate that the contour error of the improved system is reduced from 0.08 mm to 0.03 mm, a decrease of 62.5%; the feed rate fluctuation is reduced from 22.3% to 4.9%, a reduction of 78%; and the peak acceleration is reduced from 1.5g to 0.53g, a decrease of 65%, significantly enhancing the accuracy and stability of complex surface machining. This study provides a technically innovative and practically viable solution for high-precision 3D laser processing, contributing significantly to the advancement of precision manufacturing technology. |
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